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Movement assessment : ウィキペディア英語版 | Movement assessment Movement assessment is the practice of analysing movement performance during functional tasks to determine the kinematics of individual joints and their effect on the kinetic chain. Three-dimensional or two-dimensional analysis of the biomechanics involved in sporting tasks can assist in prevention of injury and enhancing athletic performance. Identification of abnormal movement mechanics provides physical therapists with the ability to prescribe more accurate corrective exercise programs to prevent injury and improve exercise rehabilitation and progression following injury and assist in determining readiness to return to sport. ==Landing Error Scoring System (LESS)== The LESS is a valid and reliable tool for the biomechanical assessment of the jump landing technique.〔Padua DA, Boiling MC, DiStefano LJ, Onate JA< Beutler AI, Marshall SW. "Reliability of the landing error scoring system-real time, a clinical assessment tool of jump-landing biomechanics." J of Sport Rehabil. 2011;20(2):145-56〕〔Padua DA, Marshall SW, Boiling MC, Thigpen CA, Garrett WE, Jr., Beutler AI. "The landing error scoring system (LESS) is a valid and reliable clinical assessment tool of jump-landing biomechanics:The Jump-ACL study." The American Journal of Sports Medicine. 2009;37(10):1996-2002〕 The LESS involves the scoring of 22 biomechanical criteria of the lower extremity and trunk, with the outcomes being associated with the risk of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and patellofemoral injury.〔Paterno MV, Schmitt LC, Ford KR, Rauh MJ, Myer GD, Huang B, et al. "Biomechanical measures during landing and postural stability predict second anterior cruciate ligament injury after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction and return to sport." The American Journal of Sports Medicine. 2010;38(10):1968-78〕〔Boiling MC, Padua DA, Marshall SW, Guskiewicz K, Pyne S, Beutler A. "A prospective investigation of biomechanical risk factors for patellofemoral pain pain syndrome: the Joint Undertaking to Monitor and Prevent ACL injury (Jump-ACL) cohort." The American Journal of Sports Medicine. 2009;37(11):2108-16〕〔Boiling MC, Padua DA. "Relationship between hip strength and trunk, hip and knee kinematics during a jump-landing task in individuals with patellofemoral pain." International journal of sports physical therapy. 2013;8(5):661-9〕〔Beutler A, de la Motte S, Marshall S, Padua D, Boden B. "Muscle strength and qualitative jump-landing differences in male and female military cadets: The Jump-ACL study." Journal of Sports Science and Medicine. 2009;8:663-71〕 LESS scoring is split into the following categories: excellent (0-3); good (4-5); moderate (6-7); and poor (>7). Identification of biomechanical abnormalities in landing technique,〔Boiling MC, Padua DA. "Relationship between hip strength and trunk, hip and knee kinematics during a jump-landing task in individuals with patellofemoral pain." International journal of sports physical therapy. 2013;8(5):661-9〕〔Blackburn JT, Padua DA. "Influence of trunk flexion on hip and knee joint kinematics during a controlled drop landing." Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon). 2008;23(3):313-9〕 the effect of fatigue 〔Goekler A, Eppinga P, Dijkstra PU, Welling W, Padua D, Otten E, et al. "Effect of fatigue on landing performance assessed with the landing error scoring system (LESS) in patients after ACL reconstruction. A pilot study." The International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy. 2014;9(3):302-11〕 and differences between gender 〔Beutler A, de la Motte S, Marshall S, Padua D, Boden B. "Muscle strength and qualitative jump-landing differences in male and female military cadets: The Jump-ACL study." Journal of Sports Science and Medicine. 2009;8:663-71〕 allow for more precise clinical exercise intervention〔Padua DA, Frank B, Donaldson A, de la Motte S, Cameron KL, Beutler AI, et al. "Seven steps for developing and implementing a preventive training program: lessons learned from Jump-ACL and beyond." Clinics in Sports Medicine. 2014;33(4):615-32〕 to reduce the risk of injury.
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